Which law provides the framework for the privacy and security of health information in the United States?

The law that establishes the framework for the privacy and security of health information in the United States is the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Enacted in 1996, HIPAA sets national standards for the protection of sensitive patient health information, known as Protected Health Information (PHI). It requires healthcare providers, health plans, and healthcare clearinghouses to implement safeguards to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of health information. Additionally, HIPAA grants patients rights over their health information, including the right to access and request corrections to their data.

The other laws mentioned do not specifically address the privacy and security of health information. The Fair Credit Reporting Act focuses on consumer credit information and the accuracy of credit reporting. The Electronic Communications Privacy Act pertains to the interception and disclosure of electronic communications. The Digital Millennium Copyright Act deals with copyright issues in the digital environment, not health information privacy.